Study: this enzyme lowers BG without insulin

[Eric]

Yep, see post here and references to 5’ AMP-activated protein kinase => How exercise increases the effect of insulin and carb usage

Basically the same thing you get while exercising, but would be easier to activate with a pill for a meal.

@Eric

Adenylate kinase (ADK) converts 2 adenosine diphosphate (ADP) molecules into 1 adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecule and 1 adenosine monophosphate (AMP) molecule. The ATP is hydrolyzed for energy, and the AMP attracts 5’-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK acts in a way similar to how protein kinase B (Akt) recruits TBC1D1 (detailed in this post - Biochemistry - what does insulin actually do?! ), which releases GLUT4 to the cell surface and allows glucose uptake. Additionally, calcium ions released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during muscle contraction also promotes GLUT4. Other pathways include ROS signaling, and nitric oxide signaling.