Inconsistent sleep schedule and insulin resistance

This study from 2016 shows a fairly definite correlation (which does not mean causality) between inconsistent sleep schedule and increased insulin resistance:

“After adjustment for race, menopausal symptoms, sleep duration, exercise, depressive symptoms and BMI, positive associations were found between homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and variability in bedtime (P = .007) and bedtime delay (P = .013). Before adjustment, higher HOMA-IR was associated with greater bedtime advance (P = .05). No relationship was found between HOMA-IR and mean bedtime. Higher BMI was linked to greater bedtime advance (P = .047).”

Study based on middle aged non shift working women. Would be interested to see follow ups based on both men and women and particularly comparing shift workers to non shift workers… easy natural experiment