[Autonomic Testing - American Academy of Neurology by Christopher H. Gibbons, MD, FAAN; Harvard/Joslin et al (PDF)] (https://www.aan.com/uploadedFiles/Website_Library_Assets/Documents/3.Practice_Management/1.Reimbursement/1.Billing_and_Coding/5.Coverage_Policies/14%20Autonomic%20Testing%20Policy%20v001.pdf)
All patients with diabetes are recommended to have autonomic testing (sudomotor, cardiovagal and adrenergic) at diagnosis (type 2 diabetes) or five years after diagnosis (type 1 diabetes). There is a high prevalence of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in the diabetic population. The relationship between autonomic dysfunction and cardiovascular risk has been well documented and is important to monitor for patients planning major surgical procedures or considering moderate to high intensity physical exercise. This is the reason that the ADA recommends autonomic testing for all patients with type 2 diabetes at the time of diagnosis, and all patients with type 1 diabetes five years after diagnosis.